城市化与精神病:最新证据的更新
Sandeep Grover1, Natarajan Varadharajan2, Sandesh Venu3
1Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab.
Current opinion in psychiatry
|March 5, 2024
概括
城市化通过社会经济和环境因素影响精神分裂症风险. 城市绿色空间减少越来越多地与更高的精神病风险有关,突出了对更健康的城市规划的需求.
科学领域:
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 城市研究 城市研究
背景情况:
- 城市化是一个全球现象,对心理健康有复杂的影响.
- 精神分裂症和精神病是重要的公共卫生问题,受到环境和社会经济因素的影响.
- 最近的研究 (2019-2023) 探讨了城市生活,绿色空间和精神病之间的具体联系.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近 (2019-2023) 关于城市化,精神分裂症/精神病症之间的关系和绿色空间的作用的证据.
- 综合有关城市环境,包括社会经济和环境因素如何影响精神病风险的研究结果.
- 发现当前研究中的差距,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
主要方法:
- 系统审查了2019年至2023年间发表的43篇文章.
- 对研究城市出生/成长 (城市) 和精神病结果的分析.
- 包括对社会经济因素 (贫困,移民地位,社会分散) 和环境因素 (绿色空间,空气污染) 的研究.
主要成果:
- 研究表明,城市化和精神病在不同地理区域之间存在不同的相关性.
- 社会经济因素,如地区贫困,移民地位和社会碎片化,独立地与精神分裂症/精神病风险增加有关.
- 减少绿色空间和增加城市环境中的空气污染与更高的精神分裂症/精神病风险有关.
结论:
- 城市规划和政府政策必须解决城市化对心理健康的影响.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家,以了解城市化对精神病的全部影响.
- 在城市设计中整合绿色空间和减轻环境风险是减少精神分裂症/精神病负担的潜在策略.
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