定义问题:53年来,枪支暴力困扰着美国的学校
Bellal Joseph1, Hamidreza Hosseinpour1, Joseph Sakran2
1From the Division of Trauma, Critical Care, Emergency Surgery, and Burns, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ (Joseph, Hosseinpour, Anand, Colosimo, Nelson, Stewart, Spencer, Zhang, Magnotti).
Journal of the American College of Surgeons
|March 6, 2024
概括
53年来,学校枪击事件显著增加,儿童受害者,受伤者和死亡人数不断增加. 了解这种枪支暴力流行对于学校的预防工作至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 枪支暴力和学校枪击事件是一个持续且关键的公共卫生问题.
- 现有的数据可能无法完全捕捉学校枪击事件的范围和人口统计数据.
- 需要全面了解才能有效地解决持续存在的问题.
研究的目的:
- 分析所有50个美国州学校枪击事件的公开数据.
- 检查枪支类型的趋势,受害者的人口统计和情境因素.
- 提供对学校枪击事件不断变化的性质的见解.
主要方法:
- 分析了53年的美国学校枪击事件 (截至2022年5月),使用来自国土防御和安全中心的数据.
- 包括有关事件情况,伤害,枪支类型以及受害者/枪手人口统计数据的数据.
- 根据武器类型对死亡与受伤的比率进行分层,并分析了儿童受害者,受伤者和人均死亡人数的趋势.
主要成果:
- 分析了2,056起事件和3,083名受害者 (2,033名儿童,1050名成年人).
- 手枪是最常见的枪支 (84%),其次是步枪 (7%) 和猎枪 (4%).
- 步枪的死亡与受伤率比手枪 (0.35) 高 (0.45). 随着时间的推移,儿童受害者,受伤者和死亡人数显著增加.
结论:
- 在过去的53年里,学校枪击受害者,受伤者和儿童死亡的发生率大幅增加.
- 尽管公众意识到这一点,但这一趋势表明学校枪支暴力的流行病正在恶化.
- 进一步了解这种流行病是有效预防策略的必要第一步.
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