跨越年龄,性别和种族-种族的交叉点的性别发展模式
Matthew G Nielson1, Carol Lynn Martin2, Dawn E England3
1Psychology Department, New York University Abu Dhabi, 178B Building A3, Saadiyat Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. matthew.nielson@nyu.edu.
Archives of sexual behavior
|March 6, 2024
概括
性别认同的发展表现出不同年龄和种族的差异. 年轻男性的压力较小,而年轻女性的性别相似性和父母压力比青少年女孩高.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 发展科学 发展科学
背景情况:
- 性别认同包括性别相似性和遵守规范的压力.
- 这些组件在不同环境中的发展轨迹未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查性别相似性和感觉压力的变化.
- 调查这些变化跨发育阶段,性别和种族-种族群体.
主要方法:
- 协调了六个数据集,比较了2628名参与者的平均值.
- 分析了四个发展阶段:童年,青春期早期,青春期和年轻成人.
- 包括各种各样的种族背景:白人,拉丁裔/西班牙裔,黑人/非洲裔美国人,亚裔美国人,美洲印第安人和多种族.
主要成果:
- 在青春期早期观察到性别强化,主要是男孩.
- 年轻的成年男性显示压力和典型性低于年轻男孩;年轻的成年女性的水平与年轻女孩相似.
- 年轻的成年女性报告自己的性别相似性和父母压力比青少年女孩更高.
- 在典型性和压力的性别差异发现跨年龄,除了年轻人,男孩报告更高的水平.
- 民族种族群体的相似之处多于差异;少数群体的参与者报告说,性别典型性和压力增加.
结论:
- 性别发展取决于背景,在年龄,性别和种族之间存在细微的模式.
- 这些发现挑战了有关性别强化的一些假设,并突出了年轻女性的独特经历.
- 结果有助于理解在整个发展过程中塑造性别认同的因素的复杂相互作用.
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