在美国进行非结核性菌根菌检测和培养阳性
Julia E Marshall1, Rachel A Mercaldo1, Ettie M Lipner1
1Epidemiology and Population Studies Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 5601 Fishers Ln, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA.
BMC infectious diseases
|March 6, 2024
概括
非结核菌菌 (NTM) 肺部感染正在上升. 美国东南部在Labcorp数据中显示了NTM阳性和Mycobacterium的最高率,突出了感染流行率的区域差异.
科学领域:
- 医学微生物学 医学微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,非结核性真菌菌 (NTM) 越来越多地被认为是慢性肺病的原因.
- 在美国,Mycobacterium avium复合体 (MAC) 和Mycobacterium abscessus是主要的NTM物种.
- 局限的州级报告需要替代数据源来跟踪NTM趋势.
研究的目的:
- 用商业实验室数据分析NTM测试模式和物种分布.
- 确定NTM肺部感染的地理热点和趋势.
- 为NTM疾病管理的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了美国实验室公司 (Labcorp) 2019年1月至2022年4月的无标识呼吸道样本数据.
- 专注于酸快细菌 (AFB) 培养,定义NTM阳性结果,但不包括特定的Mycobacterium物种.
- 分析了NTM培养积极性和物种流行率的地理差异.
主要成果:
- 美国东南部 (HSS地区IV) 占测试样本的26.3%,培养阳性率最高 (20.2%).
- 在东南地区,mycobacterium的患病率最高 (4.0%),而MAC的患病率因地区而异,在山区 (13.5%) 达到顶峰.
- 东南地区的阳性测试比例为M. abscessus (3.8%19.7%),而MAC在东北地区占主导地位.
结论:
- 美国东南地区表现出最高的NTM培养阳性和M. abscessus比例,表明区域"热点".
- 由于诊断的局限性,目前的估计可能低估了M.的负担.
- 实时商业实验室数据为NTM感染流行病学和风险因素提供了宝贵的见解.
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