产前影响产后神经可塑性:整合DOHaD和敏感/关键时期框架,以了解早期发育中的生物嵌入
Emma T Margolis1, Laurel J Gabard-Durnam1
1Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
概括
产前暴露,像物质和营养一样,通过改变敏感时期的大脑发育,显著影响神经发育. 这项研究整合了DOHaD和敏感期框架,以了解对大脑,身体和行为的持久影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 早期的生活经历深刻影响终身健康和行为.
- 健康和疾病的发育起源 (DOHaD) 和敏感/关键时期框架为神经发育提供了洞察力.
- 整合这些框架为产前环境如何塑造神经发育提供了新的视角.
研究的目的:
- 整合DOHaD和敏感/关键期框架,以了解产前影响神经发育的因素.
- 检查产前暴露如何影响敏感/关键时期背后的神经生物学机制.
- 确定新的研究方向,以了解早期环境对神经可塑性的影响.
主要方法:
- 关于产前物质暴露 (精神活性物质,重金属) 和营养特征 (蛋白质能量营养不良,铁缺乏症) 的动物和人类研究的审查.
- 对大脑电路激发/GABAergic抑制平衡和髓化影响的分析.
- 在DOHaD和敏感/关键时期概念模型中整合发现.
主要成果:
- 产前物质暴露和营养缺乏不同影响大脑电路平衡和髓化.
- 这些产前因素可以改变与产后敏感/关键时期相关的时间和学习.
- 特定的产前暴露可能对神经可塑性和功能产生持久影响.
结论:
- 对DOHaD和敏感时期的综合框架对于理解神经发育至关重要.
- 产前环境显著调节敏感/关键时期,影响长期的大脑,身体和行为结果.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定保护性产前暴露及其对产后神经可塑性的影响.
更多相关视频
10:28Assessment of Ultrastructural Neuroplasticity Parameters After In Utero Transduction of the Developing Mouse Brain and Spinal Cord
Published on: February 26, 2019
6.9K
07:36Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
Published on: November 20, 2015
11.3K
相关概念视频
01:01Neuroplasticity
352
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
352
01:21The Nativist Approach
50
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
50
01:30Introduction to Biological Bases of Psychology
3.2K
Biopsychology serves as a vital bridge connecting the intricate domains of biology and psychology, shedding light on how biological systems influence psychological phenomena. This field scrutinizes the biological substrates of behavior and mental processes, emphasizing the nervous system along with the roles of neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics. It also incorporates evolutionary perspectives to explain the adaptive nature of mental functions.
The nervous system, the cornerstone of...
The nervous system, the cornerstone of...
3.2K
01:28Human Genetics
566
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
566
01:30Biological Influences on Intelligence
100
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
100
01:30Information Processing Approach
37
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
37