运动对衰老中的身体功能影响的性别差异:用元分析进行系统性审查
Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez1, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno1,2, Sara Reina-Gutiérrez1
1Department of Physiotherapy, Nursing and Occupational Therapy, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, Cuenca, Spain.
The world journal of men's health
|March 7, 2024
概括
这项研究发现,运动后,老年人身体功能存在性别差异. 男性在力量和健身方面表现出更大的改善,而女性在运动健身方面表现出色.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 随着年龄的增长,身体功能下降,影响老年人的独立性.
- 运动干预对于维持和改善老年人的身体功能至关重要.
- 了解运动反应的性别差异对于个性化训练至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年人运动干预后身体功能结果的性别差异.
- 综合现有证据,男性和女性对炼计划的反应不同.
- 确定与性别相关的差异可能存在的特定身体功能领域.
主要方法:
- 在四个数据库中进行系统的文献搜索 (开始至2023年7月).
- 包括前性试验,报告按性别分层的身体功能结果.
- 使用随机效应模型进行元分析,以估计聚合标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和异质性 (I2).
主要成果:
- 分析了19项研究,共有20133名参与者 (≥60岁;女性33.7%).
- 男性在上肢力量 (SMD=-0.40),下肢力量 (SMD=-0.32) 和心肺呼吸能力 (SMD=-0.29) 方面的改善显著更大.
- 女性在运动健身方面表现明显好 (SMD=0.21);灵活性结果不一致.
结论:
- 运动干预措施在老年人中引起了与性别有关的明显的身体功能变化.
- 有针对性的炼策略可能是必要的,以优化两性福利.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清运动灵活性反应中的性别差异.
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