在 fiz ecdysone 氧化酶的 cis 调节多态性有助于多基因进化对 Drosophila 中营养不良的反应
Fanny Cavigliasso1, Mikhail Savitsky2, Alexey Koval3
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
PLoS genetics
|March 7, 2024
概括
基因fiz (fezzik) 表达在适应不良饮食的果中受到下调,由cis-regulatory多态驱动. 这种下调有助于在有限的营养下生存,但需要其他进化的变化来支持生长.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 复杂的多基因适应营养压力对于生物的生存至关重要.
- 该基因fiz (fezzik) 正在研究其在适应青少年营养不良的作用,在Drosophila melanogaster.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查fiz基因对适应贫困幼虫饮食的贡献.
- 为了确定基因机制,在适应过程中改变了身体表达的基础.
主要方法:
- 在 250 代以上的时间里,Drosophila melanogaster 种群的实验进化经历了幼虫的贫困饮食.
- 在选定和对照种群之间对动物基因表达差异的分析.
- 鉴定和表征cis调节多态的多态.
- 对Fiz蛋白的酶分析.
- 通过RNA干扰 (RNAi) 来降低物理表达.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,被选择的种群表现出几倍低的气体表达,这种表达是由 cis-regulatory 多态度介导的.
- 在非非洲人群中,有两种独立的cis-regulatory变体促进高fizz表达分离.
- 菲兹蛋白显示出ecdysone氧化酶的活性.
- 在营养不良的情况下,Fiz及其在ecdysteroid代谢中所涉及的类型的降低调节得到了青.
- 在不良的饮食中,fiz knockdown加速了幼虫的生长,但降低了生存率,这表明了权衡.
结论:
- 由于其在营养缺乏下抑制生长的作用,Fiz的降低调节受到了不良饮食选择的青.
- 只有在与支持持续增长的其他进化变化结合时,降低调控才是适应性的.
- 这项研究揭示了Drosophila适应营养压力的关键遗传机制.
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