长期足球训练对左心室结构和功能对精英男性青年足球运动员的影响
Viswanath B Unnithan1, Alexander Beaumont2, Thomas Rowland1
1Division of Sport and Exercise, School of Health and Life Sciences, Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, UK.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|March 8, 2024
概括
精英青年足球运动员表现出显著的心脏适应,包括左心室 (LV) 体积增加和LV射出分数减少,独立于生长. 这些变化表明年轻运动员的运动功能储备.
科学领域:
- 青少年运动员的心血管适应.
- 儿科运动心脏病学
- 青少年的运动生理学
背景情况:
- 精英青年足球训练影响心脏结构和功能.
- 增长阶段对这些适应的影响需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 评估精英足球训练对男性青年足球运动员 (SP) 左心室 (LV) 结构和功能的3年影响.
- 区分训练效应与在青春期前到青春期过渡期间的自然生长.
主要方法:
- 在3个赛季内对22名精英男性青年足球运动员 (U-12至U-14) 进行了纵向研究.
- 与同一时期的15个休活动控制组 (CON) 进行比较.
- 用于测量LV结构和功能的二维跨胸腔心声学.
主要成果:
- 经增长调整后,SP在2年和3年与CON相比显示了LV末端透缩体积 (LVEDV) 和LV末端抽缩体积 (LVESV) 的增加.
- 训练导致SP的LV喷射分数 (LVEF) 和TDI-S'降低.
- 这些变化独立于体质生长和成熟.
结论:
- 精英青年足球运动员的训练量增加与LV体积适应有关.
- 缩功能下降 (LVEF,TDI-S') 表明了对炼的潜在功能储备.
- 精英青年足球运动员的心脏适应与正常生长模式不同.
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