在德国一项匹配的队列研究中,在COVID-19后治疗的急性后续症状使用了来自230,256名成人的常规数据
Doreen Müller1, Sandra Stengel2, Martin Roesler3
1AOK Research Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Frontiers in epidemiology
|March 8, 2024
概括
COVID-19幸存者,特别是那些患有严重疾病的人,在感染后的一年内面临新的诊断,症状和治疗的风险显著增加. 这突显了长期的健康挑战和需要全面的后COVID护理.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19 (长期COVID) 后急性后续症状存在持续的挑战,原因是患病率,病原体和结果的知识差距.
- 了解SARS-CoV-2感染对健康的长期影响对于有效的医疗管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估德国首次COVID-19浪潮期间的SARS-CoV-2感染是否会在随后的12个月内增加疾病发生率.
- 为了比较之前记录有SARS-CoV-2感染的个体与匹配的对照组之间的疾病发病率.
主要方法:
- 利用医疗保险数据来定义50个结果变量 (诊断,症状,治疗).
- 使用后勤回归比较两个组:门诊 (COV-OUT) 和住院 (COV-IN) COVID-19病例与匹配的对照 (CG).
- 风险调整包括年龄,行政区域和倾向性得分匹配 (1:5).
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,在COV-OUT (OR 1.5) 和COV-IN (OR 1.7) 组中观察到死亡率的增加.
- 在COV-OUT (OR 1.4) 和COV-IN (OR 2.5) 组中,经历至少一个结果的可能性更高.
- 具体结果显著增加:味觉/嗅觉丧失 (COV-OUT,或5.8),间歇性呼吸道疾病 (COV-IN,或12.2),肺栓塞/抗凝血 (COV-IN,或5.9).
结论:
- 在12个月内,COVID-19感染,特别是严重病例,导致新诊断,症状和治疗方法的大幅增加.
- 广泛的后COVID条件需要跨学科和跨专业的合作来管理患者.
- 长期监测和管理策略对于COVID-19幸存者至关重要.
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