在世界三项比赛系列和奥运会期间骑自行车的动力概况
Roberto Cejuela1, Héctor Arévalo-Chico1, Sergio Sellés-Pérez1
1Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education, University of Alicante, Spain.
Journal of sports science & medicine
|March 8, 2024
概括
精英三项运动员在骑自行车时表现出可变的功率配置文件,特别是在技术课程上. 那些更适应高强度努力的人在主要比赛中获得了优越的自行车性能和比赛结果.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 三项竞技比赛绩效分析
背景情况:
- 了解精英三项运动员的功率概况 (PP) 对于优化骑自行车表现至关重要.
- 世界三项比赛系列 (WTS) 和奥运会代表了国际短距离三项比赛的峰.
- 比赛动态和赛道特征显著影响骑自行车段期间的生理需求.
研究的目的:
- 分析国际水平三项运动员在WTS和奥运会比赛的自行车部分的功率概况 (PP).
- 评估赛道类型,比赛距离 (冲刺与奥林匹克) 和比赛动态如何影响骑自行车的表现和最终比赛位置.
- 确定关键的生理和性能指标,与精英骑自行车三项比赛的成功有关.
主要方法:
- 使用地理定位技术和四名男性三项运动员的功率计数据分析了20场比赛.
- 通过加量最大有氧功率 (MAP) 试验与气体分析来确定单个功率强度区域.
- 统计分析包括曼·惠特尼U测试和相关性分析,以评估变量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在超过最大有氧功率 (MAP) 的时间和每公里两条危险曲线 (r = 0.46) 和自行车分割结果 (BSR) (r = -0.50) 之间发现了显著的相关性.
- 自行车分成结果 (BSR) 和最终比赛位置之间存在中等相关性 (r = 0.46).
- 在冲刺和奥林匹克距离比赛之间没有观察到性能变量的显著差异.
结论:
- 由技术课程段驱动的功率输出变化是国际短距离三项比赛自行车运动的决定性特征.
- 在精英比赛中,向间歇性高强度努力表现出更好的适应能力的三项运动员在骑自行车腿上的表现更好.
- 与赛道需求相关的功率输出有效管理对于实现最佳比赛结果至关重要.
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