多模式风险预测与生理信号,医学图像和临床笔记
Yuanlong Wang1, Changchang Yin1,2, Ping Zhang1,2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Heliyon
|March 8, 2024
概括
多模式深度学习模型集成电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据,包括时间变量,图像和笔记,增强临床风险预测. 发现时间变量对预测死亡率,停留时间和再入院的影响最大.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 临床数据科学 临床数据科学
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 产生了大量的临床数据,使数据驱动的医疗保健研究成为可能.
- 机器学习和深度学习是从复杂的医疗数据中提取见解的强大工具.
- 电子病历数据是多样化的,包括各种来源,如实验室测试,成像,诊断,药物和临床笔记.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一个全面的融合框架,用于多式联网电子健康记录数据集成.
- 通过结合时间变量,医学图像和临床笔记来提高临床风险预测.
- 评估针对特定临床结果的多式模式与单式模式的性能.
主要方法:
- 一个多模式的深度学习框架,集成时间变量,医疗图像和来自EHR的临床笔记.
- 实施早期,联合和晚期融合战略,以结合不同的数据模式.
- 对三个临床风险预测任务的框架进行评估:住院死亡率,长时间住院和30天再入院.
- 使用Shapley值对个别模式贡献的量化.
主要成果:
- 在所有三个预测任务中,多式模式显著优于单式模式.
- 与医学图像和临床笔记相比,时间变量对预测性能的贡献最高.
- 融合框架有效地整合了各种数据类型,以改善临床风险评估.
结论:
- 使用深度学习融合策略集成来自EHR的多式联络数据,提高了临床风险预测.
- 时间变量是与死亡率,停留时间和再接收有关的任务中的关键预测因素.
- 开发的框架为在临床决策中利用全面的EHR数据提供了一个有希望的方法.
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