使用历史性息地丧失来预测新热带森林当代哺乳动物灭绝
Juliano A Bogoni1,2, Carlos A Peres3,4, Ana B Navarro5
1Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil.
概括
热带森林中的大型哺乳动物因森林砍伐而面临灭绝. 更大的息地覆盖有助于物种持续存在,但大西洋森林的物种丧失率高于亚马逊.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
背景情况:
- 大规模的人类干扰,特别是森林砍伐,导致热带生物群落的生物多样性丧失.
- 大西洋森林和亚马逊等热带森林表现出不同的历史息地丧失和生物多样性衰退模式.
研究的目的:
- 量化大西洋森林和亚马逊大西洋森林和亚马逊大西洋森林中持续存在的中大型哺乳动物物种.
- 阐明景观配置如何影响这些生物圈中的物种持久性和生态功能.
主要方法:
- 收集了大西洋森林和亚马逊地区617个哺乳动物群 (>1公斤) 的发生数据.
- 使用卫星数据分析了自然息地覆盖 (1985-2022年).
- 采用描述性统计和通用线性模型 (GLM) 来调查生态物种的发生模式.
主要成果:
- 自20世纪70年代以来,亚马逊哺乳动物多样性的侵蚀反映了大西洋森林的历史衰退;52.8%的亚马逊哺乳动物处于类似的轨迹上.
- 大西洋森林中五分之四的大型哺乳动物容易灭绝,而亚马逊地区53%的哺乳动物是脆弱的.
- 较大的自然息地覆盖范围显著增加了两种生物体中物种持续存在的可能性.
结论:
- 大西洋森林的当地物种损失中位数比亚马逊森林高63.9%.
- 保护战略必须考虑历史性息地丧失和区域生物多样性侵蚀.
- 专注于大脊椎动物的景观配置和基本生态功能可以改善保护规划.
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