在Ophiuroids中的Evo-Devo:在Ophionereis中从植物养转变为白细胞养
The Biological bulletin
|March 8, 2024
概括
这项研究调查了易碎星 (Ophiuroidea) 的发育进化,这项研究揭示了Ophionereis fasciata幼虫与预期相反,不会经历II型变形,而是表现出异常特征,可能会推动不食幼虫的进化.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学是发展生物学.
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 海洋无脊椎动物动物学
背景情况:
- 在Ophiuroidea中,由于各种幼虫表型,发育进化 (evo-devo) 是复杂的.
- 存在两种主要的发育类型:I型 (减少的ophiopluteus) 和II型 (vitellaria幼虫).
- 类虫家族主要通过虫虫幼虫表现出性性发育.
研究的目的:
- 研究Ophionereididae家族的演化过程,重点关注Ophionereis fasciata*的变形表型.
- 了解易碎星中的进化途径,从食到不食的幼虫阶段.
- 探索异质时代在莱西托发育的进化中的作用.
主要方法:
- 培养浮游生物幼虫的Ophionereis fasciata*到定居点.
- 对变形现象型的观察和记录.
- 幼虫形式的比较分析,包括O. schayeri.
主要成果:
- *Ophionereis fasciata*幼虫没有表现出典型的II型变形,但表现出短暂的虫病状的特征.
- 幼虫臂的再吸收产生了一个暂时的类似维特拉利亚的外观.
- 发育表现出异常的特征:早期形成的第三臂对原始和早熟的青少年板块发育.
- 第四对幼虫手臂显示出发育可塑性,其中44%的幼虫有部分生长.
结论:
- 在 *O. fasciata* 发育中的异常特征可能促进了 *Ophionereis* 中的莱西托罗菲的进化.
- 从祖先的养状态观察到的幼虫形式简化在*Ophionereis*.
- 不同的变态现象型表明I型和II型的发育并非完全不同的,突出显示了类-类过渡期间的选择性压力.
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