癌症相关的肌肉衰弱 - - 从触发因素到分子机制
Emily Shorter1, Viktor Engman1, Johanna T Lanner1
1Karolinska Institutet, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Molecular Muscle Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden.
Molecular aspects of medicine
|March 8, 2024
概括
与癌症相关的肌肉衰弱,通常独立于缓冲症,显著影响患者的结果. 了解其复杂的机制对于开发有效的干预措施至关重要,而不仅仅是增加肌肉质量.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 肌肉生理学 肌肉生理学
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 骨肌肉衰弱是癌症的常见和衰弱的后果,对患者的健康和预后产生负面影响.
- 这种弱点可以独立于肌肉缩或缓解症,由恶性瘤,瘤微环境,化疗和营养不良等因素引发.
- 它表现为受损的内在肌肉容量,神经肌肉断裂或肌肉缩,由炎症,自,蛋白质代谢障碍和线粒体功能障碍驱动.
研究的目的:
- 审查与癌症相关的肌肉衰弱背后的机制,特别是当独立于缓冲症时.
- 提供有关该领域的方法,当前干预措施,知识差距和研究局限性的背景.
- 介绍一项关于特定癌症类型肌肉衰弱机制的小型系统综述的发现.
主要方法:
- 文献综述侧重于与癌症相关的肌肉衰弱.
- 针对特定癌症类型的肌肉衰弱机制的最新研究进行了小型系统审查.
- 分析癌症引起的肌肉功能障碍所涉及的途径.
主要成果:
- 与癌症相关的肌肉衰弱可以独立于肌肉缩或缓冲症发生.
- 多种途径导致肌肉衰弱,包括肌肉内在功能受损和神经肌肉变化.
- 有证据表明,功能衰退可能会在肌肉质量丧失之前发生.
结论:
- 对于与癌症相关的肌肉衰弱,急需新的治疗干预措施.
- 研究应该探索超越肌肉质量的机制,并考虑功能性缺陷.
- 为了开发有效的药理和非药理治疗,需要进一步的机制性洞察力.
相关概念视频
01:28Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
946
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
946
01:26Chemical Synapses
8.8K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
8.8K
01:20Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment
1.4K
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
1.4K
01:15Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
831
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
831
01:21Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy
2.0K
Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
2.0K
01:26Cross-bridge Cycle
117.4K
As muscle contracts, the overlap between the thin and thick filaments increases, decreasing the length of the sarcomere—the contractile unit of the muscle—using energy in the form of ATP. At the molecular level, this is a cyclic, multistep process that involves binding and hydrolysis of ATP, and movement of actin by myosin.
117.4K