通过建模和被动采样,评估整个城市对废水的制药排放
Caterina Zillien1, Thijs Groenveld1, Odin Schut2
1Radboud University, Department of Environmental Science, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Environment international
|March 8, 2024
概括
使用使用数据来估计化学物质排放提供了一个比监测更有效的方法来了解公众的暴露. 这种方法在荷兰一座城市的活性药物成分 (API) 中被证明是可行的,与废水测量保持一致.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 化学风险评估 化学风险评估 化学风险评估
背景情况:
- 评估人类和环境对越来越多化学品的暴露是具有挑战性的.
- 基于废水的流行病学提供了洞察力,但测量所有注册化学品是不可行的和昂贵的.
- 目前的方法难以对数据较差的化合物进行全面的暴露评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于使用数据估计化学排放的可行性,作为直接监测的替代方案.
- 将基于模型的排放估计与实际废水测量对活性药物成分 (API) 的比较.
- 突出排放估计模型中的排泄分量的重要性.
主要方法:
- 估计29个API的排放到废水中为一个中型荷兰城市.
- 收集的国家和地方使用数据,包括处方,医疗保健使用和非处方销售.
- 考虑了结合物的施用路径,分泌和下水道逆转化.
主要成果:
- 在城市层面对API进行基于模型的排放估计是可行的.
- 估计的排放量与通过被动采样获得的废水测量结果一致.
- 排泄分量的选择显著影响模型性能.
结论:
- 从使用数据中估计化学物质排放是评估暴露的可行和有效方法.
- 纳入排泄分数对于准确的排放建模至关重要.
- 这种方法提供了一种系统的方式来评估暴露于更广泛的化学品的风险.
更多相关视频
09:49Use of a Battery of Chemical and Ecotoxicological Methods for the Assessment of the Efficacy of Wastewater Treatment Processes to Remove Estrogenic Potency
Published on: September 11, 2016
14.1K
06:52Lab-Scale Model to Evaluate Odor and Gas Concentrations Emitted by Deep Bedded Pack Manure
Published on: July 19, 2018
6.3K
相关概念视频
01:23Sampling Plans
181
Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
Random sampling is a method where each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. It involves selecting individuals randomly, often using random number generators or lottery-type methods. For example, when analyzing the properties of a...
181
01:18Sampling Methods: Sample Types
220
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
220