陆地和海洋哺乳动物的家园范围大小全球变化的环境驱动因素
Maarten J E Broekman1, Jelle P Hilbers1, Selwyn Hoeks1
1Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
The Journal of animal ecology
|March 9, 2024
概括
动物的家园范围大小 (HRS) 受人类干扰和资源可用性等环境因素的显著影响. 了解这些驱动因素对于在环境变化中有效保护物种至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生态与保护生物学 生态与保护生物学
- 动物学 动物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 动物的息地范围大小 (HRS) 对于物种的保护至关重要.
- 之前的研究集中在物种特征和有限的环境因素上,往往忽视了物种内变异和海洋物种.
- 了解HRS变化的环境驱动因素对于预测全球变化的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化哺乳动物HRS与环境变量之间的关系,包括人类干扰,生产力和季节性.
- 在分析中考虑物种特征和物种内HRS变异.
- 为了比较陆地和海洋哺乳动物中HRS的环境驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自586种陆地动物和27种海洋哺乳动物的2800个HRS估计的新型数据集.
- 量化了HRS和环境变量 (人类足迹指数,NDVI,SST) 之间的关系,同时控制了物种特征.
- 分析了跨环境梯度的平均HRS和内部特异变化.
主要成果:
- 陆地哺乳动物的HRS在人类干扰较少,年生产率较低的地区显著增加.
- 生产季节性也影响了陆地HRS,但人类干扰和平均生产率是更强的预测因素.
- 海洋哺乳动物HRS与平均海面温度 (SST) 有负相关性,与SST季节性有正相关性,尽管由于样本大小,海洋结果需要谨慎.
结论:
- 环境的变化,特别是人类的干扰和资源的可用性,显著影响哺乳动物HRS.
- 未来的环境变化可能会改变个体的HRS,可能会影响生态系统功能和保护工作.
- 该研究强调了在保护规划和HRS研究中需要考虑环境背景的必要性.
相关概念视频
02:31Habitat Fragmentation
17.5K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.5K
00:54Distribution and Dispersion
21.8K
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
21.8K
02:04Conservation of Small Populations
13.1K
Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
13.1K
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
22.3K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.3K
02:02Ecological Niches
23.6K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
23.6K
00:53Migration
7.9K
Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
7.9K