稀有和常见的物种对高山草原社区的构建和功能变化的贡献不成比例
Minxia Liu1, Chunliang Yang2, Lele Miao2
1College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. xiaminl@163.com.
概括
稀有物种对于高山草原生态系统的功能至关重要. 它们的丧失显著影响了生态功能和弹性,尽管它们的丰度和功能冗余性很低.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
- 阿尔卑斯山的生态系统
背景情况:
- 稀有物种通常是第一个因人类干扰而面临灭绝的物种.
- 在阿尔卑斯山草原等恶劣环境中,稀有物种的功能意义仍未得到充分研究.
- 西藏高原的高山草原特别容易受到物种灭绝的威胁.
研究的目的:
- 研究稀有和常见物种对高山草原社区结构和功能变化的贡献.
- 了解塑造罕见和常见物种群落在不同采样尺度上的生态过程.
- 评估与阿尔卑斯山生态系统中罕见物种相关的功能冗余和脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 在西藏高原东部建立了一个大型永久研究地块 (1.85 × 105 m2).
- 分析了阿尔卑斯山草原6个采样尺度中的162个地块的数据.
- 检查了稀有和常见物种的物种多样性,社区结构,特征值和功能实体 (FE).
主要成果:
- 随着采样规模的增加,物种多样性指数增加,这表明植物社区的规模效应.
- 稀有物种社区从中性转移到利基化的过程,规模越来越大,而常见物种始终被利基化的过程所主导.
- 稀有物种表现出不同的特征值和功能实体分布,尽管丰度和功能冗余性较低,但对FE有不成比例的贡献.
结论:
- 稀有物种在保持高山草原生态系统的生态功能和弹性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 稀有物种的丧失对生态系统功能构成重大威胁,原因是它们的功能冗余性较低,功能脆弱性更高.
- 保护工作应优先考虑稀有物种,以保护高山草原的完整性和弹性.
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