基于心电图的数据驱动解决方案用于心血管疾病的诊断和预后:系统性审查
Pedro A Moreno-Sánchez1, Guadalupe García-Isla2, Valentina D A Corino2
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Computers in biology and medicine
|March 9, 2024
概括
本综述分析了基于心电图 (ECG) 的心血管疾病 (CVD) 诊断的机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL). 它强调了可靠人工智能的挑战,包括可解释性和偏见,并为未来的研究提供了建议.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学和人工智能 (AI)
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球的主要健康问题,心电图 (ECG) 对于诊断至关重要,但由于缺乏熟练的心脏病学家,解释面临挑战.
- 机器学习 (ML) 和深度学习 (DL) 为心电图解释提供了先进的计算机辅助解决方案,但往往缺乏可解释性,可能会表现出偏见.
- 现有的文献评论不充分地解决了基于心电图的CVD诊断和预后的ML/DL模型中关键的可靠AI方面 (可解释性,偏见,伦理,法律和社会影响 - - ELSI).
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查当前的ML和DL模型,以基于心电图的CVD诊断和预后.
- 综合分析模型维度:CVD类型,数据集,输入方式,算法和可信的人工智能方面.
- 确定挑战,并提供改善基于ECG的AI解决方案的建议.
主要方法:
- 在心血管疾病中进行心电图分析的数据驱动模型的系统文献综述.
- 分析重点是ML和DL算法,特别是深度学习.
- 值得信赖的人工智能方面的评估:可解释性,偏见和道德,法律和社会影响 (ELSI).
主要成果:
- 在基于心电图的心血管疾病检测的ML/DL应用中确定了趋势.
- 突出了与模型可解释性,偏差和ELSI相关的重大挑战.
- 列出了当前研究中使用的各种数据特征和算法方法.
结论:
- 本综述提供了对基于ECG的CVD诊断和预后中的ML/DL当前情景的全面了解.
- 它强调了整合可信的人工智能原则的重要性,以确保心脏病学中的可靠和道德的人工智能解决方案.
- 提供可操作的见解和建议,以指导未来在这个关键领域的研究和开发.
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