轨道前额和前皮层在适应寻求奖励与学习焦虑方面发挥着互补的作用
David S Jacobs1, Alina P Bogachuk1, Bita Moghaddam2
1Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
Biological psychiatry
|March 9, 2024
概括
前皮质 (PL) 和侧轨道前皮质 (lOFC) 显示出与焦虑和风险相关的独特的神经活动模式. 这些大脑区域通过适应惩罚和安全提示来帮助管理受到威胁的动机行为.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 焦虑通过将目标导向的行为与潜在的伤害联系起来,影响积极的行为.
- 前肢中部前皮层 (PL) 和侧轨道前皮层 (lOFC) 都与焦虑和结果预期有关.
- 了解这些区域的作用对于解决与焦虑相关的疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查PL和LOFC在代表与伤害风险相关的行动中的不同角色.
- 检查这些皮质子区域如何为焦虑下灵活的行为适应做出贡献.
- 阐明在奖励导向行为的学习焦虑背后的神经机制.
主要方法:
- 利用寻找-获取奖励引导的工具任务来训练动物 (N=8) 将行为与惩罚风险联系起来.
- 实施了灭绝训练,以减少行动和惩罚之间的学习关联.
- 在学习和灭绝阶段使用纤维光度测量和比较PL和LOFC中的神经元活动.
主要成果:
- 观察到的行为适应是作为对惩罚的反应增加了行动抑制,在灭绝后减少了.
- 特定区域的神经元活动的变化:PL活动适应惩罚威胁,而LOFC活动适应安全提示.
- 在危害风险行为期间抑制了PL和LOFC之间的相关活性,这表明在焦虑时的独立指导.
结论:
- 在学习焦虑的神经表现中,PL和LOFC表现出不同的但互补的功能.
- 这种功能解离为重叠的皮质系统如何影响焦虑期间的奖励导向行为提供了潜在的机制.
- 研究结果提供了关于焦虑的神经基础及其对有动机行为的影响的见解.
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