在慈善捐赠任务中,神经不对称与慷慨与自私的描述性规范保持一致
Paloma Díaz-Gutiérrez1, Christophe Boone2, Harshil Vyas2
1Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. Paloma.DiazGutierrez@uantwerpen.be.
Scientific reports
|March 9, 2024
概括
与慷慨的社会规范保持一致,可以促进大脑的奖励活动和联系感,而不是与自私的规范保持一致. 这表明,慷慨促进了"羊群的温暖光",而自私却没有.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 社会对齐通常与大脑的奖励系统有关,特别是腹状条纹体 (VS),促进连接.
- 假设这种对齐的好处可能是特定于符合慷慨的行为,而与自私的对齐可能会对社会联系产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 研究神经反应和行为结果的潜在不对称性,当与慷慨与自私的社会规范保持一致时.
- 在慈善捐赠的背景下,探索社会调整背后的神经机制.
主要方法:
- 采用了激励功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 慈善捐赠任务.
- 参与者在不同的描述性规范条件下 (慷慨与自私) 决定在个人保留和慈善捐赠之间进行捐赠分配.
主要成果:
- 与基线相比,捐赠因描述性规范的存在而有显著的变化.
- 处理自私的规范激活了杏仁体和前面的岛屿,而不是慷慨的规范.
- 在个人层面上,与自私的规范保持一致与侧面前额皮层 (LPFC) 和腹状条纹体 (VS) 活动的减少有关.
- 与慷慨的规范保持一致显示LPFC和VS活动增加,超出了基线效应.
结论:
- 与慷慨一致,虽然需要努力,但产生一种积极的情感体验,类似于与集体捐赠相关的"温暖的群体光".
- 与自私一致似乎没有提供类似的奖励社会反,可能威胁到社会联系.
更多相关视频
07:06Block Building Task Identifies Distinct Groups of Left/Right-hand Choice Patterns After Unilateral Peripheral Nerve Injury
Published on: March 21, 2025
498
08:29Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
Published on: December 18, 2016
14.0K
相关概念视频
Egoism and Altruism
91.9K
Voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people is called prosocial behavior. Why do people help other people? Is personal benefit such as feeling good about oneself the only reason people help one another?
91.9K
Altruism
41.1K
Altruistic behaviors are “unselfish” behaviors—those that help another individual at the expense of the individual carrying out the behavior. Despite the negative consequences for the altruistic animal, these behaviors are thought to have evolved for several reasons.
41.1K
Inclusive Fitness
36.0K
Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
36.0K
Empathy
9.6K
Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor.
9.6K
Fundamental Attribution Error
12.9K
According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
12.9K
Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.3K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.3K
