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在实验室中描述人类习惯

Stephan Nebe¹, André Kretzschmar², Maike C Brandt¹

¹Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Collabra. Psychology

|March 11, 2024

概括

习惯的强度随着响应频率而不是价值的增加而增加,这挑战了先前的研究. 这项研究表明,习惯可以在没有外部奖励的情况下形成,需要重新评估我们如何在实验室环境中测量习惯性行为.

科学领域:

认知心理学认知心理学
行为神经科学行为神经科学
计算建模计算建模

背景情况:

习惯对人类行为和精神病理学至关重要,但很难通过实验来研究.
现有的模型经常将习惯的强度与价值联系起来,这项研究质疑了这一点.

研究的目的:

开发和验证习惯研究的新型实验范式.
调查行为频率,价值和习惯强度之间的关系.
在实验室环境中重新评估人类习惯性行为的测量.

主要方法:

开发基于计算模型的新型实验任务.
在两个任务中,操作响应频率独立于结果值.
使用基于频率和基于价值的措施评估习惯强度.
对比实验习惯措施与自我报告的现实生活习惯行为.

主要成果:

在训练期间增加选择频率在测试时显著增强了习惯强度.
基于频率的习惯强度与基于价值的操作化显示了最小的相关性.
不同的实验习惯测量方法之间没有发现重叠.
在实验习惯测量和自我报告的现实生活习惯之间没有观察到任何关联.

结论:

习惯的强度主要取决于行为频率,独立于结果值.
习惯可能在没有外部强化的情况下出现,挑战传统的学习理论.
目前用于测量习惯的实验室方法缺乏融合和现实世界的有效性,需要进行重大重新评估.

关键词:

计算建模计算建模以目标为导向的控制.习惯是一种习惯.培训培训培训培训培训培训培训以价值为基础的决策.

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