从人类肠道微生物群培养的Bifidobacterium的基因组和功能多样性
Wenxi Li1,2, Hewei Liang2, Wenxin He2
1School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Heliyon
|March 11, 2024
概括
这项研究分析了来自人类肠道的849个Bifidobacterium基因组,揭示了不同物种和全球地区的碳水化合物活性酶,抗生素耐药性基因和菌体相互作用的显著变异. 这些发现突出了Bifidobacterium的存在.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和基因组学 微生物学和基因组学
- 益生菌和肠道微生物组研究
- 生物信息学和比较基因组学
背景情况:
- Bifidobacterium属在人类肠道微生物群中至关重要,并被广泛用作益生菌.
- 了解全球Bifidobacterium种群的功能性基因组差异对于优化益生菌应用至关重要.
- 以前的研究还没有全面分析来自不同地理来源的Bifidobacterium的基因组多样性和功能潜力.
研究的目的:
- 进行从人类肠道培养的Bifidobacterium物种的广泛基因组分析.
- 识别和比较不同物种和地理区域的功能基因变异,包括碳水化合物活性酶和抗生素耐药性基因.
- 阐明菌体和水平基因转移在Bifidobacterium适应和分布中的作用.
主要方法:
- 全基因组测序和分析1512个Bifidobacterium分离物,分组成849个非冗余基因组.
- 基因组特征的生物信息注释,包括碳水化合物活性酶,胆盐酸酶和抗生素耐药性基因.
- 基于Bifidobacterium物种,地理来源和功能途径的基因组数据的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 在Bifidobacterium物种和大陆之间观察到碳水化合物活性酶分布的显著差异.
- 超过36%的B. pseudocatenulatum基因组含有兰西类-iv生物合成基因群;所有基因组的99.76%拥有胆盐酸酶基因.
- B. adolescentis和B. dentium的基因组经常含有胺酸合成基因,而B. longum的亚种. 婴儿显示出广泛的人类牛奶寡糖利用基因.
- 确定了抗生素耐药性基因和菌体相关元素的地理和物种特异性差异,这表明区域适应.
- 在人类肠道中Bifidobacterium的分布因地理区域而异.
结论:
- 在Bifidobacterium属内,基因组的多样性很大,其功能变异与物种,地理来源和环境适应有关.
- 特定基因的存在 (例如,胆盐化酶,GABA合成,HMO利用) 强调了不同Bifidobacterium物种在肠道中的功能作用.
- 了解区域基因组差异对于精确的抗生素使用和开发有针对性的益生菌战略至关重要.
- 菌体与宿主之间的相互作用和水平基因转移在人类肠道生态系统中的Bifidobacterium适应和进化中发挥着重要作用.
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