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为探索新皮层发育而编制的转录基因数据汇编
Shreyash Sonthalia1,2, Ricky S Adkins3, Joshua Orvis3
1Depts. of Neurology and Neuroscience Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|March 11, 2024
概括
这项研究整合了来自数百万细胞的多原子数据,绘制了哺乳动物中新皮层发育的地图. 尼莫分析揭示了神经发生的保存动态,并突出了人类大脑器官发育的差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 大规模的多原子数据集描述了哺乳动物大脑皮层的发育和细胞类型的多样性.
- 现有的数据在众多研究中分散,限制了全面分析.
研究的目的:
- 创建一个统一的资源 (NeMO Analytics),整合从新皮层发育的转录组数据.
- 在哺乳动物神经发生过程中识别保存和分离的转录基因动态.
- 绘制人类新皮层神经元从早期出现到产后成熟的发育轨迹.
主要方法:
- 汇集了来自188项研究的基因级转录组数据,包括约3000万个单细胞,空间转录组和大量RNA测序.
- 应用联合矩阵分解 (SJD) 对小鼠,和人类数据来识别保存的发育特征.
- 在NeMO Analytics中使用转移学习方法来绘制神经元成熟时间表.
主要成果:
- 在哺乳动物神经发生过程中定义了保守的转录组动力学,阐明了基底辐射质细胞的进化.
- 识别了成年人神经元中的特定层的转录基因特征,并绘制了它们的发育出现和成熟的图表.
- 发现,虽然大脑器官回顾了一些体内发育方面的方面,但关键层特定的神经元成熟程序不存在.
结论:
- 尼莫分析为分析新皮层发育提供了一个强大的平台,揭示了保存的进化原理和详细的发育轨迹.
- 人类大脑有机体部分模拟了体内发育,但缺乏神经元晚期成熟的关键方面.
- 这项研究强调了集成的多原子数据对于理解大脑发育和进化的有用性.
相关概念视频
01:10Transcription
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
01:44Complementary DNA
Overview
01:44Complementary DNA
Overview
02:24Ribosome Profiling
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
01:17Transcription
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
02:08Gene Conversion
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...