使用kNN输入器和机器学习分类器通过问卷查方式检测自闭症谱系障碍
Trapti Shrivastava1, Vrijendra Singh1, Anupam Agrawal1
1Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211015 India.
Health information science and systems
|March 11, 2024
概括
机器学习准确地检测所有年龄段的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD). 随机森林分类实现了100%的准确性,超过了用于早期ASD诊断的复杂深度学习模型.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 生物医学数据分析
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,需要早期诊断才能有效管理.
- 目前的临床诊断方法 (例如,AQ-10,Q-chat) 通常是昂贵的,难以获得的和耗时的.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为有效和可访问的ASD早期预测提供了一个有希望的途径.
研究的目的:
- 用ML分类器对不同年龄组的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和典型发育 (TD) 数据进行分类.
- 评估各种ML模型在识别ASD方面的性能.
- 将拟议的ML方法与现有的最先进的方法进行比较.
主要方法:
- 利用各种各样的ASD数据集,包括幼儿,儿童,青少年和成年人.
- 应用一热编码用于分类数据转换和kNN Imputer与MinMaxScaler用于数据预处理.
- 使用支持矢量机,k-近邻 (KNN),随机森林 (RF) 和人工神经网络模型进行分类的ASD和TD数据.
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 在所有数据集中实现了100%的准确率,在没有过度装配的情况下展示了卓越的性能.
- 拟议的ML模型的性能优于现有的方法,包括深度神经网络 (DNN) 和卷积神经网络 (CNN),其准确率高达98%.
- 该方法在临床环境中提高了对实时ASD检测的概括能力.
结论:
- 机器学习,特别是随机森林,为所有年龄组的ASD分类提供了高度准确和高效的方法.
- 开发的ML方法为当前的诊断工具和复杂的深度学习架构提供了一个低复杂度,高性能的替代方案.
- 这项研究强调了ML在改善临床实践中早期ASD检测的可访问性和准确性的潜力.
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