聊天GPT-4可以评估差异诊断列表是否包含正确的诊断与医生一样准确吗?
Kazuya Mizuta1, Takanobu Hirosawa1, Yukinori Harada1
1Department of Diagnostic and Generalist Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University 12756 , Simotsuga-gun, Japan.
Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany)
|March 11, 2024
概括
像ChatGPT-4这样的人工智能 (AI) 聊天机器人在医学诊断中显示出高准确度. 聊天GPT-4有效评估差异诊断列表,与医疗专业人员密切一致.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 聊天机器人是医疗诊断援助的新兴工具.
- 在差异诊断列表中评估最终诊断的包含是AI在医学中的一个关键但未被研究的方面.
研究的目的:
- 评估第四代聊天生成预训练变压器 (ChatGPT-4) 在与人类医疗专业人员相比评估差异诊断清单的准确性.
- 确定ChatGPT-4和医生在确定最终诊断是否存在于人工智能生成的或医生生成的差异诊断列表中的一致率.
主要方法:
- 聊天GPT-4评估了246个差异诊断列表 (前10名),这些列表来自82个临床细节 (52个复杂病例报告,30个模拟病例).
- 该研究将ChatGPT-4对最终诊断纳入的评估与医学专业人员的评估进行了比较.
- 使用卡帕系数量化了协议.
主要成果:
- 与医生评估相比,ChatGPT-4的同意率高达95.9% (在246个清单中有236个).
- 卡帕系数为0.86表示ChatGPT-4与医疗专业人员之间的协议非常好.
- 这表明ChatGPT-4在这个诊断评估任务中表现强.
结论:
- 在评估差异诊断列表的完整性方面,ChatGPT-4与医生达成了非常好的协议.
- 这些发现支持先进AI聊天机器人在支持临床诊断过程中的潜在实用性.
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