公共理性,生物伦理和公共政策:诱人的幻觉还是雄心勃勃的愿望?
1Center for Bioethics and Social Justice, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
概括
罗尔斯的公众理性可以帮助解决在诸如基因编辑和堕胎等有争议的生物伦理政策上的分歧. 它旨在通过维护自由民主社会所必不可少的规范来减少冲突.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 政治哲学 政治的哲学
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
背景情况:
- 生物伦理辩论涉及有争议的医学和技术干预.
- 意见分歧往往源于不同的世界观和价值观.
- 现有的框架努力调和各种各样的观点在诸如堕胎和基因编辑等问题上.
研究的目的:
- 检查罗尔斯的公共理性是否可以证明对有争议的生物伦理干预的政策是合理的.
- 探索公共理性如何减轻生物伦理学政策分歧.
- 确定公共理性的规范,这对于自由,多元民主至关重要.
主要方法:
- 罗尔斯的政治自由主义概念的解释.
- 公共理性原则应用于生物伦理政策的分歧.
- 分析具体案例:堕胎,医生辅助死亡,基因编辑,代孕,PGD,医疗成本,死亡定义和试管婴儿胚胎.
主要成果:
- 罗尔斯的公共理性可以改善,但不能完全解决政策分歧.
- 它通过删除违反公共理性规范的元素来减少分歧.
- 剩余的分歧受到民主审议.
结论:
- 公共理性为在民主社会中解决复杂的生物伦理问题提供了一个框架.
- 维护公共理性的规范对于维持自由,多元化的社会至关重要.
- 这种方法促进了关于有争议的医疗和技术干预的合理辩论和政策共识.
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