儿童的呼吸道腺病毒感染:关注非洲
Marieke M van der Zalm1, Nadia A Sam-Agudu2,3,4, Lilly M Verhagen1,5,6
1Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Current opinion in pediatrics
|March 11, 2024
概括
人类腺病毒 (HAdV) 是非洲儿童严重下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 的重要原因,导致死亡率和长期肺损伤. 加强监测和诊断对于更好的管理和结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 是全球儿童发病和死亡的主要原因,特别是在非洲五岁以下的儿童中.
- 人类腺病毒 (HAdV) 越来越多地被认为是重要的病毒病原体,有助于儿科LRTIs,包括致命的肺炎.
- 非洲儿童中HAdV感染的影响和流行病学仍然未得到充分承认,尽管有严重的临床表现和后果的证据.
研究的目的:
- 审查非洲儿童腺病毒呼吸道感染的流行病学,临床表现,后果和治疗.
- 突出HAdVs在非洲儿科LRTIs中的低估作用.
- 发现知识上的差距,并推改善监测和护理的策略.
主要方法:
- 对非洲儿童HAdV感染的现有文献进行系统审查.
- 对儿科LRTIs中HAdV患病率的流行病学数据的分析.
- 综合临床发现,包括表现,严重程度和长期后果.
主要成果:
- 在5岁以下的非洲儿童中,HAdV是致命性肺炎的第三个最常见的病毒病原体,占死亡人数的5.5%.
- 在这个人口群体中,HAdV在与医院相关的病毒性肺炎死亡中排名第二.
- 引起疾病的HAdV血清型因地区而异,并且随着时间的推移而演变;严重疾病和后果的风险因素尚未确定.
结论:
- 腺病毒感染对非洲儿童的肺部健康构成重大威胁,导致严重的后果和慢性后果,如支气管病变.
- 迫切需要扩大HAdV监测和在LRTI评估中持续纳入.
- 扩大对诊断的访问和对HAdV流行病学和临床结果的进一步研究对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
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