谈话者变异性对两岁儿童语言发育的影响
Jing Zhao1, Tessei Kobayashi2, Etsuko Haryu1
1Graduate School of Education, University of Tokyo.
Journal of child language
|March 11, 2024
概括
在日常对话中与更多的老年儿童和成年人进行互动,可以显著提高幼儿的词汇发展. 这一发现突显了除了照顾者之外,多样化的说话者对早期语言学习的重要性.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 儿童语言的获取儿童语言的获取
背景情况:
- 早期语言发展对于认知和社会技能至关重要.
- 对话伙伴在语言学习中的作用已经得到了充分的证据.
- 以前的研究通常集中在双语或移民儿童身上.
研究的目的:
- 调查日常对话伙伴的数量和多样性对单语幼儿词汇发展的影响.
- 将谈话者变异性的发现扩展到日本单语语境.
- 确定这种关系中的潜在调解因素.
主要方法:
- 2020年,与日本单语家庭进行了两次横截面调查.
- 照顾者报告说话者的数量 (按年龄分类) 和儿童的富有成效的词汇.
- 对语言暴露时间和人口统计变量进行控制的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 在词汇发育和年龄较大的儿童 (研究1) 和成年人说话的人数 (研究2) 之间发现了显著的正相关性.
- 谈话者变化,特别是从五年级以上的个人和一般的成年谈话者,对词汇有积极的影响.
- 在控制共变量后,这些效应仍然显著.
结论:
- 在孩子的环境中,除了直接的照顾者之外,说话者的多样性在单语儿童的词汇增长中发挥着重要作用.
- 研究结果表明,越来越多地接触各种对话伙伴可以支持幼儿的语言发展.
- 这项研究强调了丰富的对话环境对于所有儿童的重要性,无论他们的语言背景如何.
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