揭露遗漏的调节者:解释为什么在社会科学中效应大小有所不同
Antonia Krefeld-Schwalb1, Eli Rosen Sugerman2, Eric J Johnson2
1Rotterdam School of Management, Department of Marketing Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam 3011 LC, Netherlands.
概括
行为科学干预在不同的人和情况中表现出各种各样的影响. 一个新的框架确定了解释这些差异的智力和注意力等关键因素,提高了干预预测能力.
科学领域:
- 社会和行为科学 社会和行为科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 公共政策 公共政策
背景情况:
- 政策制定者越来越多地使用行为科学来应对气候变化和健康危机等全球性挑战.
- 一个重大挑战是行为干预措施在不同环境和个体之间不一致的有效性.
- 了解这种异质性对于优化干预设计和实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查行为科学干预效应在不同基础范式的异质性.
- 开发和应用一个框架来建模和测量干预有效性的通常遗漏的调节者.
- 为预测和理解干预效应大小的变化提供理论和经验基础.
主要方法:
- 进行了五项预先注册的研究,在面对面和在线环境中与超过11000名参与者进行了研究.
- 研究了各种行为科学范式的干预效应的异质性.
- 开发了一个框架,结合了诸如流体智能,注意力,结晶智能和经验等因素.
主要成果:
- 在不同设置和范式中观察到干预效应的实质性异质性.
- 开发的框架确定了影响干预有效性的关键调节者 (流体智能,注意力,结晶智能,经验).
- 这些调节者解释了观察到的效果大小的变化,并通过操纵强度和直接效果与效果大小相关.
结论:
- 行为干预的有效性是高度可变的,并受到个人和上下文因素的影响.
- 拟议的框架提供了一个强大的方法来识别和测量关键的调节者,提高干预结果的可预测性.
- 这些发现对于推动行为科学在政策和研究中的应用至关重要,因为它们提供了对干预变化的更清晰的理解.
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