COVID-19患者的社会决定因素和获得医疗服务:一项跨部门研究
Maria Williany Silva Ventura1, Francisca Elisângela Teixeira Lima1, Paula Dos Santos Brito2
1Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Departamento de enfermagem, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P
|March 11, 2024
概括
社会决定因素显著影响COVID-19患者获得医疗服务的机会. 年龄,收入和交通等因素与巴西东北部的服务可访问性有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 获得医疗保健对于管理COVID-19等传染病至关重要.
- 众所周知,健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH) 影响健康结果和服务利用.
- 了解SDOH在COVID-19护理中的作用对于公平的医疗服务提供至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查COVID-19患者中健康的社会决定因素和获得医疗服务之间的联系.
- 在COVID-19大流行背景下,确定影响医疗保健获取的特定SDOH因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及巴西东北部三个州968名COVID-19患者的横截面研究.
- 利用收集社会人口统计数据的问卷,SDOH,以及适应COVID-19的初级保健评估工具 (PCAT).
- 统计分析包括奇平方测试,以比较各种决定因素的访问水平 (高/低分).
主要成果:
- 在医疗服务获取领域和诸如年龄,皮肤颜色,BMI,原产地,教育,就业,服务的近距离,初始服务接触,收入和交通等决定因素之间观察到显著差异 (p < 0.05).
- 较高的PCAT分数,表明更好的访问,与特定的人口和社会经济因素有关.
结论:
- 对于COVID-19患者来说,获得医疗服务与一系列个人,行为和社会决定因素密切相关.
- 这些决定因素与研究区域的医疗保健提供结构和组织方面的相互联系.
- 调查结果强调了针对SDOH的有针对性的干预措施的必要性,以改善COVID-19患者获得公平护理的机会.
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