开发多种病原体的废水监测方案:芬兰的WastPan项目
Ananda Tiwari1, Kirsi-Maarit Lehto2, Dafni K Paspaliari3
1Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Health Security, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland.
The Science of the total environment
|March 11, 2024
概括
基于废水的监测 (WBS) 可以使用废水样本追踪疾病. 芬兰WastPan项目成功对多种病原体进行了WBS的试点测试,证明了其对公共卫生和流行病准备的价值.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 公共卫生监督是对公共卫生的监督.
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 废水含有病原体,为疾病监测提供了潜力.
- 抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是一个日益增长的全球健康问题.
- 有效的基于废水的监测 (WBS) 需要针对多种病原体的强有力的方法.
研究的目的:
- 在芬兰建立基于废水的各种病原体和AMR的流行病准备.
- 概述芬兰WastPan项目的经验和方法.
- 评估WBS在公共卫生监测中的可行性和有效性.
主要方法:
- 从10个处理厂收集的废水样本,覆盖芬兰40%的人口 (2021-2023年).
- 对特定细菌病原体的国家数据进行WWTP选择的验证.
- 双重工作流:基于培养的分析 (细菌,真菌) 和分子分析 (病毒,细菌,AMR基因,寄生虫).
- 使用N1和N2试验对SARS-CoV-2监测进行实验室间比较,以评估可重现性.
主要成果:
- 瓦斯特潘成功地对多种病原体进行了WBS试点,包括扩展光谱β-乳糖酶产生细菌.
- 在实验室之间观察到类似的SARS-CoV-2阳性趋势,但N2试验显示出更高的检测率.
- 监测测定的选择显著影响了WBS的敏感性.
- 病原体特定特征应指导采样频率和人口覆盖率.
结论:
- 基于废水的监测是评估社区健康和疫情准备的宝贵工具.
- 为COVID-19 WBS开发的基础设施可以用于更广泛的病原体监测.
- 优化目标优先级,立法支持和持续融资对于未来的WBS实施至关重要.
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