意大利可避免死亡的社会经济不平等:来自全国纵向队列的结果
Alessio Petrelli1, Martina Ventura2, Anteo Di Napoli2
1National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP), Via di San Gallicano, 25/a, 00153, Rome, Italy. alessio.petrelli@inmp.it.
BMC public health
|March 12, 2024
概括
社会经济地位在意大利显著影响可避免的死亡率,教育水平较低和南方居住与可预防和可治疗的死亡风险较高有关. 这些持续存在的不平等凸显了需要修订卫生政策的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 意大利的可避免死亡率差异以前没有在全国范围内进行评估.
- 社会经济地位是健康结果的关键决定因素.
- 了解这些差异对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估意大利社会经济地位与可避免死亡率之间的关联.
- 根据教育和地区,分析可预防和可治疗死亡率的差异.
- 在国家一级量化社会经济不平等的死亡率.
主要方法:
- 一项使用2011年人口普查数据 (3570万居民) 的全国性队列研究追踪了2012-2019年的死亡率.
- 分析30-74岁人群中可预防和可治疗的死亡率.
- 多变量准松回归模型用于计算教育水平和居住宏观区域的调整死亡率比率 (MRR).
主要成果:
- 观察到的死亡人数超过110万,其中65.2%被归类为可避免的死亡人数 (40.4%可预防,24.9%可治疗).
- 较低的教育水平与更高的可预防 (男性MRR=2.39,女性MRR=1.65) 和可治疗的死亡率 (男性MRR=1.93,女性MRR=1.45) 密切相关.
- 发现了显著的区域差异,南岛宏观区域表现出可预防和可治疗死亡率的过度风险.
结论:
- 在意大利,死亡率存在持续的社会经济不平等.
- 政策响应的区域差异表明,可能错过了健康益处.
- 建议对公共卫生重点和目标进行重新评估,以解决这些差异.
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