专注的兴趣是否支持单词学习? 一项针对自闭症和非自闭症儿童的研究
S Arunachalam1, A Steele2, T Pelletier1
1Communicative Sciences and Disorders, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
概括
专注的兴趣有助于自闭症儿童的词语学习,与非自闭症儿童不同. 这表明,利用特殊兴趣可以支持自闭症早期语言发展.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 在自闭症和非自闭症个体中,集中兴趣是常见的.
- 关于聚焦利益对发展的影响的先前研究是混合的,有些人认为不利,有些人认为有利.
- 了解焦点兴趣如何影响学习对于教育和治疗干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查集中兴趣是否支持自闭症儿童与非自闭症儿童相比,在自闭症儿童中学习单词.
- 检查个性化,基于兴趣的刺激在早期语言学习中的作用.
- 为了确定专注的兴趣是否对自闭症患者的词汇学习有害或有益.
主要方法:
- 预先注册的单词学习任务通过Zoom远程管理给44名自闭症和44名词汇匹配的非自闭症儿童.
- 儿童接触到新奇的词汇,并与通过他们专注的兴趣或中立图像描绘的行为配对.
- 通过评估儿童在测试阶段对新词的参考词的目光来评估学习.
主要成果:
- 自闭症儿童在集中兴趣和中立条件下表现出词汇学习.
- 非自闭症儿童仅在中性条件下显示出单词学习的证据.
- 观察到关注兴趣的效应,表明组之间的不同学习模式.
结论:
- 专注的兴趣并不妨碍自闭症儿童的词汇学习.
- 个性化,基于兴趣的学习可以成为支持自闭症患者语言学习的有效策略.
- 这些发现支持将重点兴趣纳入自闭症儿童早期语言干预计划.
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