益生菌和蛋白对Tenebrio molitor生长,微生物组成和病原体感染的微小影响
Carlotta Savio1,2,3, Pascal Herren3,4,5, Agnès Rejasse1
1University of Paris Saclay, INRAE, Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Frontiers in insect science
|March 12, 2024
概括
益生菌细菌,Pediococcus pentosaceus,改善了黄粉 (Tenebrio molitor) 对昆虫病原体的生存. 饮食补充剂影响了肠道细菌,突出了宿主微生物组的复杂性.
科学领域:
- 昆虫养殖和可持续的蛋白质来源
- 微生物生态和宿主微生物群相互作用
- 生物控制剂和昆虫病理学
背景情况:
- 工业化昆虫养殖,就像黄粉 (Tenebrio molitor) 生产一样,面临着昆虫病原体带来的挑战.
- 这些病原体,包括Bacillus thuringiensis和Metarhizium brunneum,可以影响昆虫的生存和生长.
- 使用益生菌的饮食干预可以增强昆虫的弹性和肠道健康.
研究的目的:
- 评估益生菌 (Pediococcus pentosaceus和Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) 和干蛋白补充剂对Tenebrio molitor幼虫发育的影响.
- 评估这些食补充剂在暴露于虫病原体后对幼虫生存和肠道微生物组合的影响.
- 了解益生菌在病原体挑战下的昆虫肠道内的持久性和有效性.
主要方法:
- Tenebrio molitor幼虫在小麦上养,并补充Pediococcus pentosaceus和/或Lactiplantibacillus plantarum,有或没有干蛋白.
- 随后,幼虫暴露在Bacillus thuringiensis,Metarhizium brunneum或它们的组合中.
- 在14天内监测了幼虫的生存,生长和肠道细菌微生物群组成 (16S rDNA测序).
主要成果:
- 在与病原体共感染期间,Pediococcus pentosaceus补充剂显著增加了Tenebrio molitor幼虫的存活率.
- 幼虫的生长受到同时感染的负面影响,在 Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 的治疗中发现了轻微的改善.
- 虽然Pediococcus pentosaceus持续存在,但Lactiplantibacillus plantarum在很大程度上无法检测到,尽管有暂时的性能好处. 肠道微生物群的组成因每天,饮食和益生菌而异.
结论:
- 佩迪奥科克斯 (Pediococcus pentosaceus) 显示出作为益生菌的潜力,可以增强黄虫对特定虫病原体的抵抗力.
- 食补充剂影响幼虫的表现和肠道微生物组的动态,强调了宿主-微生物关系的复杂性.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化益生菌战略,以实现可持续的昆虫养殖.
相关概念视频
Probiotics
Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
Introduction to the Human Microbiota
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
Development of Human Microbiota
The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract
The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics
Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...


