超活跃突变在Mpro从SARS-CoV-2到药物耐药性的贡献
Julia M Flynn1, Sarah N Zvornicanin1, Tenzin Tsepal1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States.
ACS infectious diseases
|March 12, 2024
概括
耐药性SARS-CoV-2是一个令人担忧的问题. 这项研究发现,增加主要蛋白酶 (Mpro) 活性的"过活"突变是常见的,并有助于对关键抗病毒药物尼马特里尔维尔的抗药性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 药物耐药性 药物耐药性 药物耐药性
背景情况:
- 在SARS-CoV-2的主要蛋白酶 (Mpro) 中的药物耐药性突变是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 尼尔马特里尔维尔是一种关键的针对Mpro的抗病毒药物,但可以出现耐药性.
- 之前的研究集中在减少抑制剂结合的突变上;这项研究研究了影响酶功能的突变.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估SARS-CoV-2 Mpro中所有可能的个体突变对酶功能的影响.
- 调查"过度活跃"突变 (那些增加Mpro活性的突变) 在促进耐药性的作用.
- 在实验室和临床环境中,比较超活跃突变与结合抑制突变的流行率.
主要方法:
- 使用基于光共振能量转移 (FRET) 的酵母系统采用高通量突变扫描方法.
- 系统地评估了Mpro中每一个可能的单个氨基酸替代对其酶活性的影响.
- 在病毒进化和耐药性选择的背景下分析了突变数据.
主要成果:
- 确定了数百种突变,这些突变显著增加了Mpro酶活性 (过度活跃突变).
- 在酶活性部位附近和远处都发现了过度活跃的突变,这表明对蛋白质稳定性或动态的影响.
- 过度活跃的突变在实验室选择的病毒和循环的SARS-CoV-2分离物中比减少尼马特里尔维尔结合的突变频率大约是3倍.
结论:
- 过度活跃的Mpro突变是一个重要的,以前研究不足的机制,有助于尼尔马特里尔维尔耐药性.
- 这些发现强调了考虑抗病毒药物耐药性的酶功能改变突变的重要性.
- 超活跃突变的全面列表为未来监测SARS-CoV-2耐药性演变提供了宝贵的资源.
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