由ATF5诱导的线粒体UPR通过与线粒体合作减轻椎间盘退化
Wen-Ning Xu1,2, Huo-Liang Zheng2, Run-Ze Yang3
1Department of Spinal Surgery, Orthopedic Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
Cell biology and toxicology
|March 13, 2024
概括
线粒体展开的蛋白质反应 (UPRmt) 在椎间盘退化 (IVDD) 中升高. 用NR激活UPRmt显示出通过促进细胞和减少细胞死亡来治疗IVDD的前景.
科学领域:
- 生物医学科学 生物医学科学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 椎间盘退化 (IVDD) 是一种普遍的衰老疾病,导致严重的残疾和经济压力.
- 线粒体展开的蛋白质反应 (UPRmt) 与衰老和与年龄相关的疾病有关.
- 了解UPR在IVDD中的作用对于开发有效的治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查UPRmt在IVDD病变发生过程中的作用和潜在机制.
- 探索在IVDD中调节UPR的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 用IL-1β和尼古丁胺胺 рибоoside (NR) 治疗的培养核脉 (NP) 细胞.
- 通过ATP,NAD+和NADH水平评估线粒体功能.
- 在体内使用MRI,SAFRANIN O-fast绿色染色和免疫组织化学评估IVDD.
- 研究了Pink1在UPRmt介导的线粒中的作用.
主要成果:
- 与健康对照人群相比,人类IVDD NP细胞中的UPRmt水平显著更高.
- 治疗IL-1β增加了NP细胞中的UPRmt和髓.
- 过度表达NR和Atf5上调了UPRmt,抑制了NP细胞亡,并增强了线粒细胞衰变.
- 粉红1沉默逆转了NR的保护作用,并抑制了UPRmt诱导的线粒化.
- 在体内,NR治疗通过激活UPR减弱了大鼠中的IVDD.
结论:
- 在IVDD的发病过程中,UPRmt起着重要的作用.
- UPRmt调节了Pink1依赖的线粒,提供了对IVDD的保护机制.
- 准UPRmt诱导的线粒化为IVDD提供了一个潜在的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
The Unfolded Protein Response
4.6K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
4.6K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria
3.1K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
3.1K
Mitochondria
12.5K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
12.5K
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response
2.4K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
2.4K
Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins
2.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70 chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
Most of the mitochondrial...
Most of the mitochondrial...
2.6K
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.6K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.6K


