构建更好的防御:扩大和改进用于采用细胞治疗的自然杀手细胞
Andreia Maia1,2,3, Mubin Tarannum2, Joana R Lérias4
1Molecular and Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Champalimaud Foundation, 1400-038 Lisbon, Portugal.
Cells
|March 13, 2024
概括
自然杀手 (NK) 细胞疗法在癌症治疗方面表现有前途. 优化扩张和基因修饰等策略增强NK细胞的持久性和瘤向性,以改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞疗法细胞疗法
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 自然杀手 (NK) 细胞是癌症的有希望的采用细胞疗法,原因是MHC-I独立的瘤识别和低毒性.
- 挑战包括有限的体内持久性,瘤透和细胞数量,阻碍其临床应用.
研究的目的:
- 审查克服NK细胞治疗局限性的策略.
- 突出NK细胞扩张和功能增强方面的进展,以改善癌症治疗.
主要方法:
- 用细胞因子 (IL-15,IL-21) 和激活连接体进行工程的NK细胞扩张的优化 (例如,K562).
- 通过基因修饰 (例如,CAR-NK细胞) 增强NK细胞的抗瘤反应,并诱导类似记忆的NK细胞.
- 研究基于NK细胞的瘤透淋巴细胞 (TILs) 和它们与患者存活率的关联.
主要成果:
- 工程化K562细胞促进了NK细胞的大规模扩张,使"现成"治疗成为可能.
- 类似记忆的NK细胞和CAR-NK细胞表现出改善的体内持久性,细胞毒性,以及具有低毒性的有前途的临床活性.
- 在各种固体瘤中,TIL-NK细胞与改善的存活率相关.
结论:
- 对于NK细胞扩张和功能增强,存在各种策略,涉及细胞因子,养细胞和遗传修饰.
- 用IL-2/IL-15培养改善了扩张,而IL-12/IL-21增强了细胞毒性.
- 在NK细胞扩张和临床试验方面取得的进展表明,在瘤学中采用NK细胞治疗具有显著的潜力.
相关概念视频
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
907
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
907
Tumor Immunotherapy
524
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
524
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
1.6K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
1.6K
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes
1.4K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
1.4K


