在中国居民中,胆固醇摄入量,食物来源和心血管疾病之间的关联
1Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.
Nutrients
|March 13, 2024
概括
较高的饮食胆固醇摄入量增加了心血管疾病的风险. 然而,来自蛋,海鲜和家禽的胆固醇可能会降低这种风险,而红肉可以降低这种风险.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
背景情况:
- 饮食中的胆固醇,其来源和心血管疾病 (CVD) 之间的联系仍在争论中.
- 了解这些关联对于公共卫生指南至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究中国成年人群中饮食中胆固醇摄入量,其来源和心血管事件之间的关联.
- 确定胆固醇的特定食物来源及其对心血管疾病风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析来自中国健康和营养调查 (CHNS) 队列 (1991-2015) 的数据.
- 包括3903名40岁以上的参与者,他们以前没有心血管疾病,糖尿病或高血压.
- 利用考克斯回归来估计心血管疾病事件的危险比率 (HR) 在中位数为14年的随访期间,调整为共变量.
主要成果:
- 饮食中总胆固醇摄入量与心血管疾病事件的风险增加显著相关 (HR 1.57).
- 来自家禽,海鲜和蛋的胆固醇与降低心血管疾病风险有显著的关联 (HR分别为0.18,0.11,0.16).
- 在对热量,脂肪和和脂肪摄入量进行调整后,红肉胆固醇和心血管疾病事件之间的关联并不显著.
结论:
- 饮食中的胆固醇来源对心血管疾病风险有不同的影响.
- 蛋,海鲜和家禽可能对心血管疾病有保护作用,与调整后红肉胆固醇缺乏显著的关联形成鲜明对比.
- 这些发现强调了在预防心血管疾病的饮食建议中考虑食物来源的重要性,而不仅仅是总胆固醇.
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