在转录组的长非编码轨道上追踪维生素:LncRNAs的维生素调节
Fatemeh Yazarlou1,2, Fatemeh Alizadeh3, Leonard Lipovich4,5,6
1Center for Childhood Cancer, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Genes & nutrition
|March 13, 2024
概括
维生素和长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 相互作用,影响细胞功能和人类疾病. 本综述探讨了它们相互关联的调节作用,强调了维生素对lncRNA机制的影响.
科学领域:
- 基因组学和分子生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 很大一部分人类基因产生非编码RNA,特别是长非编码RNA (lncRNA) 超过500个核酸.
- lncRNAs在细胞生理学中起着关键的调节作用,并与各种疾病有关,包括癌症和神经系统疾病.
- 维生素是具有各种生物功能的必需营养素,影响基因表达和细胞过程.
研究的目的:
- 审查和总结有关维生素和 lncRNAs 之间的功能联系的现有文献.
- 提供有关lncRNA研究的维生素来源,新陈代谢和功能的概述.
- 讨论特定维生素与哺乳动物和人类的lncRNA分子机制之间的记录下来的联系.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审出版物的全面文献搜索.
- 对专注于维生素-lncRNA相互作用的研究进行分析.
- 综合与哺乳动物模型和人类研究相关的发现.
主要成果:
- 新出现的证据表明,维生素和lncRNAs之间存在相互关联的调节途径.
- lncRNAs作为环境传感器,类似于 рибо开关,可能调解维生素的作用.
- 特定的维生素与lncRNA调节有关,影响细胞功能和疾病状态.
结论:
- 维生素和lncRNAs在细胞生物学中代表着一个重要的,相互关联的调节轴.
- 了解这些相互作用对于破译基因与环境对健康和疾病的影响至关重要.
- 对维生素-lncRNA机制的进一步研究有可能为新的治疗策略提供潜力.
相关概念视频
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
904
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
904
Types of RNA
5.8K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.8K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.7K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.7K
RNA Stability
33.5K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.5K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K


