低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的替代蛋白质面临着一个可疑的未来:技术是否会否定贝内特定律?
1Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Current developments in nutrition
|March 13, 2024
概括
随着低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 收入的上升,对动物蛋白质的需求也在增加,这对可持续的粮食系统构成了挑战. 与预期相反,基于植物的替代品可能无法完全满足这种不断增长的需求.
科学领域:
- *营养与食品科学 *营养与食品科学
- * 全球卫生与发展
- * 农业经济学 农业经济学
背景情况:
- *低收入和中等收入国家 (LMIC) 的收入增长正在使饮食从含粉的主食转向动物蛋白质,这一现象被称为贝内特定律和蛋白质过渡.
- *目前的畜牧业生产面临资源密集性问题,可能不足以满足全球对高质量蛋白质需求的不断增长.
- *正在开发替代植物性蛋白质,以解决LMIC地区的营养缺口.
研究的目的:
- * 调查基于植物的替代蛋白质是否可以满足LMIC中对动物来源食品的日益增长的需求.
- * 在不断变化的饮食模式和经济发展的背景下检查贝内特定律的有效性.
- * 评估替代蛋白质的潜力,以减轻对传统畜牧生产资源密集性的担忧.
主要方法:
- * 分析不同经济发展阶段的国家的粮食平衡表和饮食数据.
- *对饮食转变,蛋白质消费趋势和替代蛋白质市场的现有文献进行审查.
- *经济建模以预测未来的蛋白质需求和供应动态在LMIC.
主要成果:
- *来自LMIC的数据表明,对动物蛋白质的偏好是志向性的,受经济发展阶段的影响.
- *高收入国家的肉类消费通常只有在非常高的收入水平上才达到顶峰.
- *目前的证据表明,植物性替代品可能无法完全满足LMIC中对动物来源食品的日益增长的需求.
结论:
- *LMIC中的蛋白质转换是复杂的,由可能无法仅通过植物性替代品完全满足的愿望驱动.
- *贝内特定律可能会继续影响饮食模式,即使有替代品的出现,对动物蛋白质的需求仍然存在.
- *未来的粮食安全战略必须考虑细微的消费者偏好和LMIC中替代蛋白质的局限性.
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