野生型,α,delta和omicronSARS-CoV-2波期间的住院死亡率:在EuCARE项目中的一个跨国队列研究
Pontus Hedberg1, Milosz Parczewski2, Karol Serwin2
1Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
The Lancet regional health. Europe
|March 13, 2024
概括
住院COVID-19患者的死亡率随着时间的推移而降低,受SARS-CoV-2变种和免疫的影响. 与Omicron相比,老年人面临的Delta和Alpha变种的风险更高.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 了解COVID-19患者在整个大流行浪潮中的结果至关重要.
- 不同的SARS-CoV-2变种 (野生型,阿尔法,三角形,欧米克朗) 已经出现.
- 评估变种对死亡率的影响,特别是根据年龄,至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较不同SARS-CoV-2变种感染COVID-19患者的28天住院死亡率.
- 评估这些变体的死亡风险是否因年龄而异.
主要方法:
- 从2020年至2022年对住院患者 (≥18岁) 的跨国队列研究.
- 基于病毒测序或国家元数据的变异分类.
- 使用累积发病率和调整的分发危险比率 (SHR) 的死亡率分析,按年龄分层.
主要成果:
- 包括38585名参与者跨越野生型,阿尔法,三角形和Omicron感染.
- 在研究期间,整体住院死亡率下降.
- 在70岁以上的患者中,德尔塔和阿尔法变种的死亡风险较高 (aSHR为1.66),而不是Omicron. 奥米克朗亚系BA.1的死亡率高于BA.2和BA.5.5.
结论:
- 死亡率的降低可能是由于疫苗接种,先前感染和潜在降低的病毒性变体的综合作用.
- 年龄显著改变了与不同SARS-CoV-2变种相关的死亡风险.
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