成年人一生中的话语制作:微语言过程
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida.
Topics in cognitive science
|March 13, 2024
概括
老年人表现出口语信息度的下降,核心词汇名词在40岁后下降,信息单位在60岁后下降. 词汇多样性随着年龄的增长线性下降.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 口语话语的信息性依赖于词汇多样性,核心词汇和信息单元.
- 年长的成年人往往产生更少的信息性话语,尽管词汇多样性的变化是微妙的.
- 核心词典在健康老龄化中的典型性轨迹仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 探讨话语信息性的微语言过程中与年龄相关的变化.
- 分析词汇多样性,核心词汇和信息单元在成年人一生中如何演变.
主要方法:
- 在20-89岁的420名健康成年人进行了横截面研究.
- 从无字图书中分析叙事语言样本.
- 量化词汇多样性 (LD),百分比正确信息单位 (%CIU) 和核心词汇 (CL) 名词和动词.
主要成果:
- 百分比正确的信息单位 (%CIU) 和核心词典 (CL) 名词分别在40岁和60岁左右开始呈现二次性下降.
- 词汇多样性 (LD) 随着年龄的增长呈现轻微的线性下降.
- 核心词典 (CL) 动词与年龄相稳定,但受教育的影响.
结论:
- 话语的信息性表现出与年龄相关的不同轨迹,其中一些方面正在下降 (例如,%CIU,CL名词),而其他方面保持稳定 (例如,CL动词).
- 信息性指标的差异性变化可能源于语言系统连接性和测量特征.
- 结果系统地绘制了话语信息性变量的衰老轨迹.
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