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地中海饮食推广对环境可持续性的影响:纵向分析
L Álvarez-Álvarez1, F Vitelli-Storelli1, M Rubín-García1
1Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.
Public health
|March 13, 2024
概括
在一年内推广地中海饮食显著减少了温室气体排放和土地利用等环境影响. 减少肉类消费,这是一个主要的贡献者,进一步降低了饮食的生态足迹.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响环境可持续性.
- 地中海饮食 (MD) 与健康益处有关,但其对环境的影响需要评估.
- 了解饮食选择的环境足迹对于可持续的生活至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化与地中海饮食 (MD) 干预相关的环境影响减少.
- 在MD推广一年后,评估温室气体排放,土地利用,能源消耗,酸化和轻化变化的变化.
- 分析MD遵守与环境影响之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用了PREDIMED-Plus研究中5800名参与者的数据 (基线和1年的随访).
- 通过经过验证的半定量食品频率问卷评估饮食摄入量和使用饮食评分的MD遵守.
- 使用EAT-Lancet委员会表计算环境影响,并分析与调整的多变量线性回归模型的关联.
主要成果:
- 一年干预导致每日卡路里摄入量显著降低 (-125.1千卡/天),并改善了MD的坚持 (+0.9).
- 环境影响在所有指标上显著下降:温室气体 (-361 g CO2-eq),酸化 (-11.5 g SO2-eq),轻化 (-4.7 g PO4-eq),能源使用 (-842.7 kJ) 和土地使用 (-2.2 m2).
- 较高的MD遵守与较低的环境影响相关;尽管消费量减少,但肉制品始终显示出最高的环境影响.
结论:
- 促进地中海饮食干预有效地减少了多个维度的环境影响.
- 肉类消费仍然是饮食环境足迹的重要贡献者.
- 饮食转向基于植物的模式,如MD对于减轻环境退化至关重要.
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