海洋热浪通过改变食物网和能量流动来破坏生态系统结构和功能
Dylan G E Gomes1,2,3, James J Ruzicka4, Lisa G Crozier5
1Ocean Ecology Lab, Marine Mammal Institute, Department of Fisheries, Wildlife & Conservation Sciences, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, 97365, USA. dylan.ge.gomes@gmail.com.
Nature communications
|March 14, 2024
概括
海洋热浪正在改变海洋生态系统. 这项研究揭示了食物网和能源流动的重大转变,影响了太平洋东北部受威胁物种.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 生态系统建模 生态系统建模
- 气候变化影响 气候变化影响
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,海洋热浪正在增加,造成严重的环境破坏.
- 虽然对个体物种的影响已知,但对整个生态系统的影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估海洋热浪对生态系统结构和功能的级联影响.
- 为了比较最近太平洋东北部海洋热浪之前和之后的食物网动态.
主要方法:
- 利用来自六项长期调查的86个功能组的361个种类的时间序列丰度数据.
- 整合了一个新的饮食数据库和之前的建模工作,以使用Ecotran生态系统建模框架构建两个食物网络.
- 对比了海洋热浪之前和之后参数化的生态系统模型.
主要成果:
- 大多数功能群体在热浪后表现出生态系统贡献 (猎物) 和需求 (捕食者) 的变化.
- 类 taxa,包括侵入性 pyrosomes,显示了最实质性的转变.
- 观察到变化的食物系关系和能量流,影响了生态系统的结构和功能.
结论:
- 海洋热浪对东北太平洋的生态系统造成了深远的连锁影响.
- 食物网动态的变化引发了对受威胁和捕捞的海洋物种保护的担忧.
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