长期暴露于微重力和身体与重力相对的方向对感知行驶距离的影响
Björn Jörges1, Nils Bury2,3, Meaghan McManus2,4
1Center for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada. bjoerges@yorku.ca.
NPJ microgravity
|March 14, 2024
概括
这项研究调查了宇航员如何感知太空中的自我运动. 研究结果表明,长期暴露于微重力对距离判断的影响很小,视觉线索起着主导作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 太空医学 太空医学
背景情况:
- 自动运动感知整合了视觉,前体和其他感官输入.
- 仅仅依赖视觉运动 (光流) 可能会由于前庭信号的冲突而造成感知偏差.
- 降低前体暗示精度,如微重力或卧卧姿势,可能会改变这些偏差和感知精度.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试降低前庭暗示精度是否会降低自我运动感知偏差.
- 研究微重力和姿势对视觉和非视觉线索的整合对自我运动感知的影响.
- 评估宇航员在太空飞行之前,期间和之后对航行距离的感知.
主要方法:
- 使用虚拟现实移动到目标任务.
- 参与者 (宇航员和地球控制) 通过光流模拟自动运动后判断距离.
- 宇航员在各种姿势 (仰卧,坐着) 和不同太空飞行阶段执行任务;控制器通过仰卧姿势模拟太空条件.
主要成果:
- 与坐着相比,躺卧姿势的宇航员在飞行前和飞行后早期表现出显著更高的收益 (表明改变了距离感知),但这种效应在飞行后减少了.
- 在地球上的宇航员和在太空中的宇航员之间没有观察到显著的性能差异,这表明微重力并没有大大影响距离判断.
- 在所有测试条件下,感知变异性保持一致.
结论:
- 长期暴露于微重力似乎对宇航员在光流诱导的自动运动中对距离的判断有有限的影响.
- 该研究提供了关于非视觉线索与视觉线索在模拟自我运动时的整合的混合证据.
- 姿势显著影响自我运动感知,随着时间的推移,飞行后的影响会减少.
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