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最近在基因被删除的活体减弱的非洲猪瘟病毒疫苗方面取得了进展

Hiep L X Vu¹, D Scott McVey²

¹Department of Animal Science, and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.

|March 14, 2024

概括

通过删除非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 的毒性基因来开发活体减弱病毒 (LAV) 疫苗,有望控制这种致命的猪病. 这些基因被删除的LAV候选物为全球粮食安全提供了潜在的解决方案.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
动物健康动物健康

背景情况:

非洲猪瘟 (ASF) 是一种致命的猪病毒性疾病,在全球范围内导致近100%的死亡率和重大经济损失.
亚洲疹疫情的传播威胁着全球粮食安全,迫切需要制定有效的控制措施,特别是疫苗.

研究的目的:

审查非洲猪瘟 (ASF) 遗传删除活衰减病毒 (LAV) 候选疫苗的开发和特征的最新进展.

主要方法:

从毒性非洲猪瘟病毒 (ASFV) 菌株中合理删除毒性基因,以创建LAV疫苗候选者.
针对性毒性基因的分类为四个功能组:复制/转录,多基因家族,血液吸收/附着和未知功能.
通过单个或多个基因删除生成LAV候选物.

主要成果:

基因删除的LAV疫苗在实验和现场环境中都显示出有前途的安全性和有效性.
各种毒性基因,包括那些涉及复制,多基因家族和附着的基因,已成功被除.
单基因和多基因删除策略都产生了有希望的疫苗候选人.

结论:

基因删除的LAV疫苗代表了控制非洲猪瘟的有希望的战略.
对于开发有效的ASF疫苗,对这些候选物种的持续研究和表征至关重要.

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