玉米产量和回收效率对不同土壤肥沃度的田间化肥应用的反应
Hongqin Zou1, Dejin Li1, Keyu Ren1
1State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in plant science
|March 14, 2024
概括
优化肥率是农作物产量和减少污染的关键. 土壤肥力影响如何影响产量,生物质和回收效率,指导量身定制的管理策略.
科学领域:
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 有效的 (N) 管理对于作物生产率和最大限度地减少农业污染至关重要.
- 了解N肥料,土壤特性和不同土壤肥料的作物产量之间的机械联系是必不可少的,但仍然没有解决.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同肥率对谷物产量,地表生物质和回收效率的影响.
- 为了确定不同土壤肥力水平的最佳肥率,以平衡作物生产和环境效益.
主要方法:
- 在低,中等和高肥沃土壤中使用五种肥率 (N0-N187 kg hm-2) 进行了三季实地实验.
- 测量了谷物产量,地面生物质和回收效率.
- 结构方程建模用于分析肥,土壤特性 (土壤微生物生物质碳,土壤有机碳,酸) 和谷物产量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 最高的谷物产量取决于土壤肥沃度:低肥沃土壤的1.5t hm−2 (N150),中等肥沃土壤的4.9t hm−2 (N187),高肥沃土壤的5.4t hm−2 (N112).
- 为了平衡产量和环境影响,最佳的肥率被确定为97.5公斤hm-2 (低),140公斤hm-2 (中等) 和131公斤hm-2 (高) 的肥沃土壤.
- 土壤微生物生物质碳和直接影响了低肥沃土壤的谷物产量,而土壤微生物生物质碳是中等肥沃土壤的直接因素. 在高肥沃土壤中,谷物产量受到土壤有机碳和酸盐的影响.
结论:
- 肥的施加率需要根据特定的土壤肥力水平进行调整,以获得最佳的作物生产和环境保护.
- 建议采用基于土壤的管理策略,以提高粮食安全,减少过度使用肥料对环境的影响.
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