自闭症谱系障碍:临床样本中的并发症和人口统计数据
Fethiye Kilicaslan1, Ali Evren Tufan2
1Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
International journal of developmental disabilities
|March 14, 2024
概括
这项关于土耳其自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的研究发现,精神病相关疾病与晚期诊断有关. 建议为医疗保健工作者提供早期培训,以改善早期ASD识别.
科学领域:
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断需要了解人口统计学和临床因素.
- 早期识别和干预对于改善ASD儿童的治疗结果至关重要.
- 高等医疗中心在管理复杂的ASD病例和相关的并发症方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
研究的目的:
- 在土耳其东南部的高等中心诊断出ASD的儿童的人口和临床特征.
- 调查伴随性疾病的患病率及其与ASD诊断年龄的关联.
- 确定影响ASD诊断及时性的因素.
主要方法:
- 在2016年6月至2021年6月期间在大学医院儿童精神病诊所诊断出ASD的儿童的回顾性评估.
- 评估并发症 (精神病和医疗),智力功能和诊断时的年龄.
- 对人口统计和临床数据的分析,以确定趋势和关联.
主要成果:
- 在学龄前组的女性中,认知发育迟缓更为频繁.
- 自闭症诊断的平均年龄是36个月,不论性别.
- 很大一部分儿童 (73.7%) 患有精神病并发症,22.8% 患有医学诊断. 精神病并发症与诊断时的晚年有关.
结论:
- 虽然这个队列中诊断时的中位数年龄相对较早,但与一些文献相比,许多患有自闭症的儿童仍然被诊断为晚年.
- 精神病并发症可能会掩盖自闭症症状,可能推迟诊断.
- 对教育和初级医疗保健专业人员进行识别自闭症症状的加强培训对于促进早期诊断至关重要.
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