青少年和年轻人肺结核的全球负担:1990-2019年
Weijing Shang1, Guiying Cao1, Wenzhan Jing2,3
1School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Pediatrics
|March 14, 2024
概括
从1990年到2019年,结核病 (TB) 发病率,死亡率和DALYs在全球年轻人中下降. 然而,耐药结核病例增加,突显了其持续的威胁,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 对青少年和年轻人的健康构成重大风险.
- 在这个人口群体中,结核病的确切负担和趋势尚未得到充分确定.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球结核病负担和结核病在10至24岁人群中的发展趋势.
- 从1990年到2019年分析结核病发病率,死亡率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALYs) 的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了2019年全球疾病负担研究的数据.
- 结核病发病率,死亡率和DALYs的计算相对变化.
- 使用估计年度百分比变化 (EAPC) 评估时间趋势.
主要成果:
- 全球每10万人口的结核病发病率从1990年的144.12下降到2019年的97.56,年平均下降1.28%.
- 在各种人口统计和地区观察到下降趋势,女性的下降速度比男性快.
- 值得注意的是,广泛抗药性结核病 (EAPC=11.23) 和多抗药性结核病 (EAPC=3.28) 的发病率增加,南非显示出发病率上升的最高水平 (EAPC=3.51).
结论:
- 在青少年和年轻人中,全球结核病发病率,死亡率和DALYs在1990年至2019年之间呈现下降趋势.
- 尽管总体下降,但耐药结核病菌株的发病率有所上升.
- 结核病继续成为全球年轻人群的重大公共卫生问题,在低收入和中等收入国家具有明显的威胁.
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