Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

7.9K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
7.9K
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

10.0K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.0K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

39.3K
Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
39.3K
Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K
Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

6.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.1K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Integrated Metabolomics, Transcriptomics, and Ultrastructural Assessment of the Myco-Heterotrophic Plant, <i>Monotropa uniflora</i>.

Plant direct·2026
Same author

Recursive Ectopic Gene Conversion Leads to Elevated DNA Mutation, Gene Loss, and Novel Gene Formation in <i>Aspergillus</i>.

Microorganisms·2026
Same author

Impact of High-Fat Diet and Aflatoxin B1 on Immunometabolic Dysfunction and the Dose-Responsive Modulation by Isoleucine Supplementation.

Nutrients·2025
Same author

Comparative genomics approach to infer ancestral cell karyotypes and reconstruct the evolutionary trajectories of plant chromosomes.

Nature protocols·2025
Same author

Simultaneous Symptom Network Analysis of Heart Failure Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Risk management and healthcare policy·2025
Same author

Designing Molecular Reactor of Interlayer Dual-Atom Toward Urea Electrosynthesis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025

相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.0K

解读Lamiiales中的递归多倍体化,并重建它们的染色体进化轨迹.

Jiangli Wang1, Bowen Song1, Minran Yang1

  • 1School of Public Health, School of Life Science, and College of Mathematics and Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China.

Plant physiology
|March 14, 2024
PubMed
概括

拉米亚斯植物经历了多次全基因组重复 (WGD),导致了新的物种和家族多样化. 研究人员重建了Lamiiales祖先的型,揭示了11个原染色体及其进化路径.

更多相关视频

An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis
09:33

An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis

Published on: June 19, 2014

13.2K
2D and 3D Chromosome Painting in Malaria Mosquitoes
09:57

2D and 3D Chromosome Painting in Malaria Mosquitoes

Published on: January 6, 2014

10.3K

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.0K
An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis
09:33

An Efficient Method for Quantitative, Single-cell Analysis of Chromatin Modification and Nuclear Architecture in Whole-mount Ovules in Arabidopsis

Published on: June 19, 2014

13.2K
2D and 3D Chromosome Painting in Malaria Mosquitoes
09:57

2D and 3D Chromosome Painting in Malaria Mosquitoes

Published on: January 6, 2014

10.3K

科学领域:

  • 植物基因组学 植物基因组学
  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 人类遗传学 是一个学科.

背景情况:

  • 拉米亚尔系表现出重要的植物多样性,有价值的药用和装饰物种.
  • 了解Lamiiales的基因组历史对于破译植物进化和物种化至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 重新分析11个Lamiiales物种的基因组序列,以揭示多体化事件.
  • 调查全基因组重复 (WGDs) 在Lamiales家族多样化中的作用.
  • 为了重建Lamiiales染色体的祖先型和进化轨迹.

主要方法:

  • 对11个组装良好的Lamiiales基因组进行比较基因组分析.
  • 识别和约会全基因组复制 (WGD) 和全基因组三倍化 (WGT) 事件.
  • 使用以端粒为中心的模型重建祖先型和染色体进化途径.

主要成果:

  • 拉米亚尔斯经历了多个聚化事件,超出了核心尤迪科特六化/WGT.
  • 一个WGD早于Scrophulariaceae的分裂,可能导致它与其他家族的分歧.
  • 大约68-78万年前的WGT与Oleaceae的分歧相吻合,这表明它在家族建立中的作用.
  • 祖先的Lamiales karyotype包括11个原染色体,在Jacaranda基因组中保存了证据.

结论:

  • 递归多倍体化事件塑造了Lamiiales的基因组格局和多样化.
  • 特定的WGD和WGT在主要Lamiales家族的建立和快速分歧中发挥了关键作用.
  • 这项研究提供了对基因组重组,血管精子型进化和新植物群的起源的见解.